Symptoms

•	Frequent and urgent need to urinate,          especially at night
•	Difficulty starting urination
•	Weak or intermittent urine stream
•	Dribbling at the end of urination
•	Increased risk of urinary tract infections
•	Inability to fully empty the bladder
•	Presence of blood in the urine
•	Risk factors for BPH, including age, family history, lifestyle factors, and underlying health conditions

•	Advancing age
•	Family history of prostate issues
•	Higher body mass index (BMI) or low physical      activity levels

1. Urinary Function
•	Increased Frequency: Men with BPH may urinate more often, especially at night (nocturia), disrupting sleep.
•	Urgency and Hesitancy: BPH can cause a sudden urge to urinate, making it hard to delay, with difficulty starting or maintaining a steady stream.
•	Incomplete Emptying: A feeling of incomplete bladder emptying can lead to discomfort and potential urinary retention.

2. Quality of Life
•	Disruption of Daily Activities: Frequent bathroom trips can interfere with work, social activities, and travel.
•	Sleep Disturbances: Nocturia can cause fatigue, decreased focus, and lowered well-being.

3. Physical Health
•	Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): BPH increases UTI risk due to retention and incomplete emptying.
•	Bladder Stones: Incomplete bladder emptying can lead to bladder stones requiring additional treatment.
•	Kidney Damage: In severe cases, chronic urinary retention can pressure the kidneys, risking damage or failure.

4. Mental & Emotional Health
•	Anxiety and Stress: Managing urinary urgency, especially in public, can cause anxiety, stress, and social withdrawal.
•	Depression: Chronic health issues like BPH can lead to feelings of depression, especially if they impact lifestyle.

5. Sexual Health
•	Erectile Dysfunction: Studies suggest a link between BPH and erectile dysfunction, possibly due to shared risk factors or medication side effects.
•	Reduced Libido: BPH symptoms and treatments may affect sexual desire and satisfaction.

6. Complications
•	Acute Urinary Retention: A sudden inability to urinate can be painful and require emergency intervention.
•	Surgery Risks: Surgical interventions carry risks such as bleeding, infection, and complications affecting sexual function.

Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE)
PAE is a minimally invasive procedure designed to reduce prostate size by blocking the blood flow to the gland. This is achieved by inserting a catheter through the artery in the groin and releasing tiny particles into the arteries supplying the prostate. The reduced blood flow causes the prostate to shrink, alleviating pressure on the urethra.

PAE is typically performed as a day procedure under local anesthesia, offering minimal pain, little discomfort, and a rapid recovery time (4–6 hours post-procedure). This treatment presents no additional risks of urinary incontinence or impotence, and most patients experience significant symptom relief. Prostate artery embolization is an effective alternative to both invasive surgery and long-term medication.

1.	Minimally Invasive: 
Compared to surgery, PAE involves less risk, shorter recovery, and reduced hospitalization.

2. Symptom Relief: 
Many patients see improvements in urinary symptoms within weeks or months.

3. Reduced Need for Medications: 
Successful PAE can lessen or eliminate the need for BPH medications.

4.	Preservation of Sexual Function: 
PAE has a lower risk of sexual side effects compared to surgeries like TURP.

•	Patients still experiencing symptoms despite oral medication
•	Patients who have not responded to other procedures
•	Elderly patients with increased risks for general anesthesia and surgery
•	Patients with bleeding disorders who are unsuitable for TURP
•	Individuals looking to preserve urinary continence and sexual function